Practice Quiz

NAEP Civics Grade 12 - Question List

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56. At the Constitutional Convention, there was a major debate between large states and small states about representation in the new Congress. This debate was resolved by the Connecticut Compromise, which said that
  1. the number of citizens in a state would determine how many seats that state had in Congress, but slaves and other noncitizens would not be counted for this purpose
  2. Congress would have two houses in which the number of seats a state had in each house was based on its population
  3. Congress would have two houses, one in which state representation was based on population and one in which all states had equal representation
  4. Congress would be made up of two houses in which all states had an equal number of representatives in each house
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57.

"Does segregation of children in public schools solely on the basis of race, even though the physical facilities . . . may be equal, deprive children of the minority group of equal educational opportunities? We believe that it does.To separate them from others of similar age and qualifications solely on the basis of their race generates a feeling of inferiority as to their status and community that may affect their hearts and minds in a way unlikely to ever be undone. . . . Whatever may have been the extent of psychological knowledge at the time of Plessy v. Ferguson, this finding is amply supported by modern authority. Any language in Plessy v. Ferguson contrary to this finding is rejected.We conclude that in the field of public education, the doctrine of separate but equal has no place. Separate educational facilities are inherently unequal."

The segregated educational system described in the decision was the result of

  1. state laws
  2. federal laws
  3. federal regulations
  4. executive orders
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58.

"Does segregation of children in public schools solely on the basis of race, even though the physical facilities . . . may be equal, deprive children of the minority group of equal educational opportunities? We believe that it does.To separate them from others of similar age and qualifications solely on the basis of their race generates a feeling of inferiority as to their status and community that may affect their hearts and minds in a way unlikely to ever be undone. . . . Whatever may have been the extent of psychological knowledge at the time of Plessy v. Ferguson, this finding is amply supported by modern authority. Any language in Plessy v. Ferguson contrary to this finding is rejected.We conclude that in the field of public education, the doctrine of separate but equal has no place. Separate educational facilities are inherently unequal."

How did the decision affect the relationship between the federal government and state and local governments?

  1. The federal government exerted greater influence in a policy area that had been dominated by states and municipalities.
  2. The federal government began directly determining what would be taught in public classrooms.
  3. State governments were restricted in their ability to mandate the teaching of religion in public schools.
  4. State and local governments became less dependent on federal funding for education.
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59.

"Congress shall make no law respecting an establishment of religion, or prohibiting the free exercise thereof; or abridging the freedom of speech, or of the press; or the right of the people peaceably to assemble, and to petition the government for a redress of grievances." -- First Amendment to the United States Constitution

"Everyone, as a member of society, has the right to social security and is entitled to realization, through national effort and international cooperation and in accordance with the organization and resources of each State, of the economic, social and cultural rights indispensable for his dignity and the free development of his personality." - Article 22 of the United Nations Universal Declaration of Human Rights, 1948

Why have documents such as the United Nations Universal Declaration been opposed by some citizens in the United States?

  1. Some people fear that international agreements will force the United States to act in ways not consistent with its national interest.
  2. Americans see economic equality as more important than individual liberty.
  3. Some people believe that the government should be free to limit speech and assembly rights where necessary.
  4. Most people do not believe that there are universal human rights.
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60. One explanation for the large number of interest groups in the United States is that
  1. there is little enforcement of laws forbidding their existence
  2. members of these groups can easily get to see the President and justices of the Supreme Court
  3. the tax code forbids taxing any interest group
  4. there is a wide variety of religions, occupations, and beliefs in the country
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