Question 1

The Bloom's Taxonomy

Accepted Answer

A hierarchical model for classifying educational learning objectives.

Question 2

Constructivism

Accepted Answer

Theory suggesting learners construct knowledge for themselves.

Question 3

Behaviorism

Accepted Answer

Theory suggesting that all behaviors are acquired through conditioning.

Question 4

Piaget's Theory of Cognitive Development

Accepted Answer

Theory about the nature and development of human intelligence.

Question 5

Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs

Accepted Answer

Psychological theory depicting motivation in a hierarchical pyramid structure.

Question 6

Differentiated Instruction

Accepted Answer

An instructional approach to maximize student learning.

Question 7

Inclusion

Accepted Answer

Educating students with special educational needs in the regular classrooms.

Question 8

Response to Intervention (RTI)

Accepted Answer

A method to identify and support students with learning needs.

Question 9

IEP (Individualized Education Plan)

Accepted Answer

A document for a student with a disability developed by a team.

Question 10

IDEA (Individuals with Disabilities Education Act)

Accepted Answer

U.S. law ensuring services to children with disabilities.

Question 11

Section 504 of the Rehabilitation Act

Accepted Answer

A U.S. law designed to protect rights of individuals with disabilities.

Question 12

Multiple Intelligences Theory

Accepted Answer

Howard Gardner's theory of various types of intelligence.

Question 13

Cooperative Learning

Accepted Answer

A teaching strategy where small teams work together on a common task.

Question 14

Summative Assessment

Accepted Answer

Assessment of learning that summarizes the development of learners.

Question 15

Formative Assessment

Accepted Answer

Ongoing assessment, review, and feedback to improve learning.

Question 16

Authentic Assessment

Accepted Answer

Evaluation of student learning through tasks that mimic real-world scenarios.

Question 17

Norm-referenced Tests

Accepted Answer

Assessments comparing an individual's performance to others.

Question 18

Criterion-referenced Tests

Accepted Answer

Assessments measuring performance against a defined set of criteria.

Question 19

Content Validity

Accepted Answer

The extent to which a test measures what it claims to measure.

Question 20

Test Reliability

Accepted Answer

The consistency of a test's results over time.

Question 21

Positive Reinforcement

Accepted Answer

Providing a stimulus that strengthens a behavior.

Question 22

Negative Reinforcement

Accepted Answer

Removing a stimulus to strengthen a behavior.

Question 23

Code Switching

Accepted Answer

The practice of alternating between two or more languages in conversation.

Question 24

Phonemic Awareness

Accepted Answer

The ability to hear and manipulate individual sounds in spoken words.

Question 25

Phonics

Accepted Answer

Method of teaching reading and writing by developing learners' phonemic awareness.

Question 26

Morphology

Accepted Answer

Study of words and how they are formed.

Question 27

Syntax

Accepted Answer

Rules that dictate how words are combined to form sentences.

Question 28

Semantics

Accepted Answer

The meaning of words, phrases, and text.

Question 29

Pragmatics

Accepted Answer

The study of how context influences language use and interpretation.

Question 30

Expository Writing

Accepted Answer

Writing intended to explain or describe a topic.

Question 31

Narrative Writing

Accepted Answer

Writing that tells a story or shares an experience.

Question 32

Persuasive Writing

Accepted Answer

Writing aimed at convincing the reader to adopt a certain viewpoint.

Question 33

Inferential Reading Comprehension

Accepted Answer

Drawing conclusions from information not explicitly stated in the text.

Question 34

Metacognition

Accepted Answer

Awareness and understanding of one's own thought processes.

Question 35

Reading Fluency

Accepted Answer

The ability to read with speed, accuracy, and proper expression.

Question 36

Tier 1, 2, 3 Words

Accepted Answer

Vocabulary categorization method based on complexity and frequency of use.

Question 37

BICS (Basic Interpersonal Communication Skills)

Accepted Answer

Social language proficiency.

Question 38

CALP (Cognitive Academic Language Proficiency)

Accepted Answer

Academic language proficiency.

Question 39

Scaffolding

Accepted Answer

A teaching method that helps students build upon what they already know.

Question 40

Explicit Instruction

Accepted Answer

A structured, systematic, and effective approach to teaching.

Question 41

Inquiry-based Learning

Accepted Answer

A teaching method that focuses on student investigation and hands-on projects.

Question 42

Pedagogy

Accepted Answer

The method and practice of teaching.

Question 43

Andragogy

Accepted Answer

The method and practice of teaching adult learners.

Question 44

Zone of Proximal Development

Accepted Answer

The difference between what learners can do without help and what they can do with help.

Question 45

Multicultural Education

Accepted Answer

A progressive approach for transforming education that holistically critiques and addresses current shortcomings, failings, and discriminatory practices in education.

Question 46

Culturally Responsive Teaching

Accepted Answer

A pedagogy that recognizes the importance of including students' cultural references in all aspects of learning.

Question 47

Project-based Learning

Accepted Answer

A student-centered pedagogy that involves a dynamic classroom approach in which students actively explore real-world problems and challenges and acquire a deeper knowledge.

Question 48

Learning Styles

Accepted Answer

Different ways that people learn and process information.

Question 49

Direct Instruction

Accepted Answer

A teacher-centered method involving structured and systematic teaching.

Question 50

Discovery Learning

Accepted Answer

A technique of inquiry-based learning and is considered a constructivist based approach to education.

Question 51

Outcome-based Education

Accepted Answer

A model of education that rejects the traditional focus on what the school provides to students, in favor of making students demonstrate that they "know and are able to do" whatever the required outcomes are.

Question 52

Rubric

Accepted Answer

A tool used to evaluate the quality of a student's work.

Question 53

Portfolio Assessment

Accepted Answer

The systematic collection and evaluation of student work over time.

Question 54

Universal Design for Learning (UDL)

Accepted Answer

A set of principles for curriculum development that gives all individuals equal opportunities to learn.

Question 55

Performance-Based Assessment

Accepted Answer

Testing that requires a student to perform a task rather than answer questions.

Question 56

Prior Knowledge Activation

Accepted Answer

The process of recalling from memory information relevant to a new topic or problem before starting to work on it.

Question 57

Mainstreaming

Accepted Answer

Practice of placing students with special needs in regular classrooms.

Question 58

English Language Learner (ELL)

Accepted Answer

A student who is learning English as a second language.

Question 59

Sheltered English Instruction

Accepted Answer

Teaching approach designed to help second language learners.

Question 60

Title I

Accepted Answer

A provision of the Elementary and Secondary Education Act that provides financial assistance to schools with high numbers of low-income students.

Question 61

Phonological Awareness

Accepted Answer

Understanding that words are made up of a combination of individual sounds.

Question 62

Common Core State Standards (CCSS)

Accepted Answer

A set of high-quality academic standards in mathematics and English language arts/literacy.

Question 63

No Child Left Behind Act (NCLB)

Accepted Answer

A U.S. law passed in 2001 as a reauthorization of the Elementary and Secondary Education Act.

Question 64

Digital Literacy

Accepted Answer

The ability to use digital technology, communication tools or networks to locate, evaluate, use and create information.

West Virginia Praxis Core Academic Skills for Educators