Question 1

Mixture

Accepted Answer

Elements and compounds that are physically (not chemically) combined

Question 2

Plasma

Accepted Answer

Particles have so much energy that the electrons separate from their nuclei

Question 3

Isotopes

Accepted Answer

Atoms that have the same number of protons but different numbers of neutrons

Question 4

Decomposition Reactions

Accepted Answer

Have only one reactant (AB) that breaks apart into two or more products (A and B)

Question 5

Anion

Accepted Answer

Ion with a net negative charge

Question 6

Molality

Accepted Answer

Number of moles of a substance per kilogram of solvent

Question 7

Diffusion

Accepted Answer

Tendency of molecules and ions to move toward areas of lower concentrations until the concentration is uniform throughout the room (that is, it reaches equilibrium)

Question 8

Cohesion

Accepted Answer

Tendency of particles of the same kind to stick to each other and is an important property to consider when looking at states of matter

Question 9

Neutralization Reaction

Accepted Answer

reaction that happens when an acid and a base react with each other to form water and salt

Question 10

Molarity

Accepted Answer

Number of moles of a substance in one liter of solution

Question 11

Catalyst

Accepted Answer

Used to speed up a reaction

Question 12

Law of conservation of mass

Accepted Answer

Matter cannot be created or destroyed, but it can change forms

Question 13

What does the number of protons in an atom determine?

Accepted Answer

its identity (which element it is)

Question 14

Chemical Property

Accepted Answer

Observed only when a substance undergoes a change in composition, which is a chemical change

Question 15

Acids

Accepted Answer

compounds that contain at least one hydrogen atom or proton (H+), which, when dissolved in water, can form a hydronium ion (H3O+)

Question 16

What shows how the energy of the species involved in the reaction changes as the reaction progresses?

Accepted Answer

Energy diagram

Question 17

Mass Number

Accepted Answer

Determined by adding the number of protons and neutrons in an atom

Question 18

Ionic Compounds

Accepted Answer

Formed when electrons are transferred from a metal (which loses one or more electrons) to a nonmetal (which gains one or more electrons)

Question 19

Scientific Notation

Accepted Answer

"Way to represent numbers and contains three components"

Question 20

When do chemical reactions occur as it relates to energy?

Accepted Answer

Reactants collide in the correct orientation with enough energy

Question 21

Electronegativity

Accepted Answer

Tendency of an atom to attract shared electrons in a covalent bond

Question 22

What accepts hydrogen ions in solution?

Accepted Answer

Arrhenius Bases

Question 23

Synthesis Reactions

Accepted Answer

Reactions that involve two or more reactants (A and B) combining to form one product (AB).

Question 24

Ion

Accepted Answer

Atom with a net electric charge

Question 25

What partially dissociates in solution?

Accepted Answer

Weak acids

Question 26

What completely ionizes in solution?

Accepted Answer

Strong acids

Question 27

What donates hydrogen ions in solution?

Accepted Answer

Arrhenius Acids

Question 28

What determines the mole ratio in a chemical equation?

Accepted Answer

Coefficient

Question 29

Activation Energy

Accepted Answer

Amount of energy required to transform the reactants into the activated complex,

Question 30

Electrolytes

Accepted Answer

Substances that form ions in aqueous solutions

Question 31

What numerical value is Avogadro's number equal to?

Accepted Answer

6.02 × 1023

Question 32

What is composed of protons, neutrons, and electrons?

Accepted Answer

Atoms

Question 33

Solids

Accepted Answer

Particles are packed close together, and their structure is relatively rigid

Question 34

How many bond pairs are formed to create a double bond?

Accepted Answer

Two

Question 35

Matter

Accepted Answer

Anything that takes up space and has mass

Question 36

Liquids

Accepted Answer

Particles have more energy than in solids and can overcome the cohesive forces to some degree

Question 37

What three temperature scales are used in science?

Accepted Answer

Celsius, Fahrenheit, and Kelvin

Question 38

Combustion

Accepted Answer

Involves two reactants, both of which are compounds made of two components

Question 39

Temperature

Accepted Answer

Measures the amount of kinetic energy that particles of matter have in a substance

Question 40

Covalent Compounds

Accepted Answer

Formed when two nonmetals or metalloids share electrons

Question 41

What occurs when reactants combine, break apart, or rearrange to form products?

Accepted Answer

Chemical reactions

Question 42

Single-Replacement Reactions

Accepted Answer

Involves two reactants, one compound and one element

Question 43

Mole

Accepted Answer

SI unit for measuring the amount of a substance

Question 44

What is the rate of a reaction?

Accepted Answer

Speed at which reactant is consumed or product is formed

Question 45

Solubility

Accepted Answer

Ability of a substance to dissolve in another substance

Question 46

Atomic Number

Accepted Answer

Equal to the number of protons in a single atom of that element and is how an element is identified

Question 47

Physical Property

Accepted Answer

Quality or condition of a substance that can be observed or measured without changing the substance’s composition

Question 48

What 5 factors are reaction rates depended on?

Accepted Answer

Nature of the reactants, the temperature of the reaction, the concentration of reactants, the surface area of solid reactants, and the presence of a catalyst

Question 49

Double-Replacement Reactions

Accepted Answer

Involves two reactants, both of which are compounds made of two components

Question 50

What are three common types of SI Base Units?

Accepted Answer

Meter (length), gram (weight), and liter (volume)

Question 51

What is the difference between cohesion and adhesion as it relates to matter?

Accepted Answer

Cohesiveness is the attraction of water to itself, and adhesiveness is the attraction of water to other substances

Question 52

What happens to temperature as substances change phases?

Accepted Answer

Remains constant

Question 53

Gases

Accepted Answer

More energy than solids or liquids and the cohesive forces in a gas are very weak because the particles move very quickly

Question 54

Concentration

Accepted Answer

Amount of solute in a given volume of solution

Question 55

Quantum Model

Accepted Answer

"Describes the probable locations of electrons because their exact pathways, locations, and speeds cannot be determined simultaneously"

Question 56

What is a universally accepted standard method that is used to determine the units of a given measurement?

Accepted Answer

Metric System

Question 57

Bases

Accepted Answer

compounds that form hydroxide ions (OH-) in a water solution. They also accept hydronium ions from acids

Question 58

What is osmosis?

Accepted Answer

Osmosis is the diffusion of water and the movement of molecules from an area of high concentration to an area of lower concentration.

TEAS: Science- Chemistry