Question 1

Basic Structure of an Argument

Accepted Answer

Premise, inference, conclusion.

Question 2

Principle of Validity

Accepted Answer

Argument in which if the premises are true, the conclusion must be true.

Question 3

Principle of Soundness

Accepted Answer

Argument that is valid and contains only true premises.

Question 4

Conditional Statement

Accepted Answer

A statement that can be written in the form "If P then Q".

Question 5

Deductive Reasoning

Accepted Answer

A type of logic where specific conclusions are inferred from general principles.

Question 6

Inductive Reasoning

Accepted Answer

A type of logic where general conclusions are inferred from specific examples.

Question 7

Ad Hominem

Accepted Answer

Argumentative strategy where an individual attacks the person rather than the argument.

Question 8

Red Herring

Accepted Answer

Argumentative strategy that introduces irrelevant information to distract from the main argument.

Question 9

Fallacy of Composition

Accepted Answer

A logical fallacy that occurs when it's assumed what's true of one part must be true of the whole.

Question 10

Fallacy of Division

Accepted Answer

A logical fallacy that occurs when it's assumed what's true of the whole must be true of the parts.

Question 11

Bandwagon Fallacy

Accepted Answer

Argument that appeals to popularity rather than logical reasoning.

Question 12

Complex Sentence

Accepted Answer

Sentence type that contains one independent clause and at least one dependent clause.

Question 13

Compound Sentence

Accepted Answer

Sentence type that contains two or more independent clauses.

Question 14

Active Voice

Accepted Answer

Sentence structure where the subject performs the action of the verb.

Question 15

Passive Voice

Accepted Answer

Sentence structure where the subject is acted upon by the verb.

Question 16

Present Perfect Tense

Accepted Answer

Verb tense indicating an action that happened at an unspecified time before now.

Question 17

Past Perfect Tense

Accepted Answer

Verb tense indicating an action that happened before another action in the past.

Question 18

Future Perfect Tense

Accepted Answer

Verb tense indicating an action that will be completed in the future before another event.

Question 19

Subject-Verb Agreement

Accepted Answer

Grammar rule that the verb must agree in number with its subject.

Question 20

Pronoun-Antecedent Agreement

Accepted Answer

Rule that a pronoun must agree in number and gender with its antecedent.

Question 21

Modifiers

Accepted Answer

Words, phrases, or clauses that provide detail about another word or word group in a sentence.

Question 22

Dangling Modifiers

Accepted Answer

A modifier in a sentence that doesn't clearly relate to what it's intended to modify.

Question 23

Misplaced Modifiers

Accepted Answer

A modifier in a sentence that isn't positioned near enough to the word it's supposed to modify.

Question 24

Parallel Structure

Accepted Answer

Using the same pattern of words to show equal importance.

Question 25

Prepositional Phrase

Accepted Answer

A modifying phrase consisting of a preposition and its object.

Question 26

Gerund Phrase

Accepted Answer

A phrase that begins with a gerund, functioning as a noun.

Question 27

Infinitive Phrase

Accepted Answer

A phrase that begins with an infinitive verb, can function as a noun, adjective, or adverb.

Question 28

Comma Splice

Accepted Answer

A comma error that occurs when two independent clauses are joined with only a comma.

Question 29

Run-On Sentence

Accepted Answer

A sentence in which two or more independent clauses are joined without an appropriate punctuation or conjunction.

Question 30

Fragment Sentence

Accepted Answer

A sentence that is missing a subject, a verb, or doesn't express a complete thought.

Question 31

APA Citation

Accepted Answer

A reference style used to cite sources within the social sciences.

Question 32

MLA Citation

Accepted Answer

A reference style used to cite sources within the humanities.

Question 33

Expository Writing

Accepted Answer

Writing style that explains, describes, gives information, or informs.

Question 34

Persuasive Writing

Accepted Answer

Writing style that attempts to persuade the reader to adopt a particular opinion or course of action.

Question 35

Descriptive Writing

Accepted Answer

Writing style that uses detailed imagery to describe a subject.

Question 36

Narrative Writing

Accepted Answer

Writing style that tells a story or recounts events.

Question 37

Primary Source

Accepted Answer

Original materials or evidence to be analyzed, typically from the time period under study.

Question 38

Secondary Source

Accepted Answer

Works that analyze, assess or interpret a historical event, era, or phenomenon, generally using primary sources.

Question 39

Summarizing

Accepted Answer

Condensing the main ideas of a text into a brief overview.

Question 40

Paraphrasing

Accepted Answer

Expressing the meaning of a text in one's own words, maintaining the original idea.

Question 41

Metaphor

Accepted Answer

A figure of speech that refers to one thing by mentioning another, implying a similarity.

Question 42

Simile

Accepted Answer

A figure of speech involving the comparison of one thing with another thing of a different kind, using like or as.

Question 43

Hyperbole

Accepted Answer

A figure of speech involving exaggeration for emphasis or dramatic effect.

Question 44

Alliteration

Accepted Answer

A literary device where two or more words in a phrase or line of poetry share the same beginning consonant sound.

Question 45

Onomatopoeia

Accepted Answer

A word that phonetically imitates or suggests the source of the sound that it describes.

Question 46

Personification

Accepted Answer

A figure of speech where human qualities are given to animals, objects or ideas.

Question 47

Foreshadowing

Accepted Answer

A literary device used to give an indication or hint of what is to come later in the story.

Question 48

Theme

Accepted Answer

The underlying message or central idea of a literary work.

Question 49

Conflict

Accepted Answer

A struggle or clash between opposing characters, forces, or emotions.

Question 50

Characterization

Accepted Answer

The process by which the writer reveals the personality of a character.

Question 51

Point of View

Accepted Answer

The perspective from which a story is told, such as first person, third person, or omniscient.

Praxis Core Academic Skills for Educators: Nevada Focus