Question 1

Praxis Core Reading Comprehorsion

Accepted Answer

A section of the Praxis Core test that assesses the test taker's ability to understand, interpret, and analyze a variety of text types.

Question 2

Bloom's Taxonomy

Accepted Answer

A framework for categorizing educational objectives; includes remembering, understanding, applying, analyzing, evaluating, and creating.

Question 3

Metacognitive Strategies

Accepted Answer

Techniques for understanding and controlling one's own cognitive processes, including planning, monitoring, and evaluating.

Question 4

Phonemic Awareness

Accepted Answer

The understanding that spoken words are made up of individual sounds called phonemes.

Question 5

Affixes

Accepted Answer

Morphemes added at the beginning (prefix) or the end (suffix) of a root word to change its meaning.

Question 6

Connotation vs. Denotation

Accepted Answer

Connotation refers to the emotional implications and associations that a word may carry, whereas denotation is the literal or primary meaning of a word.

Question 7

Independent vs. Dependent Clauses

Accepted Answer

An independent clause can stand alone as a sentence, whereas a dependent clause cannot stand alone.

Question 8

Active vs. Passive Voice

Accepted Answer

Active voice indicates the subject is performing the action; passive voice indicates the action is being performed on the subject.

Question 9

Modifiers

Accepted Answer

Words, phrases, or clauses that provide a description in sentences.

Question 10

Parallel Structure

Accepted Answer

The repetition of a chosen grammatical form within a sentence.

Question 11

Synonyms, Antonyms, and Homonyms

Accepted Answer

Synonyms are words with the same or similar meanings, antonyms are words with opposite meanings, and homonyms are words that sound alike but have different meanings.

Question 12

Idiomatic Expression

Accepted Answer

A phrase or an expression that cannot be understood by literal translation.

Question 13

Informational Texts

Accepted Answer

Nonfiction texts, such as textbooks, articles, and reports, that provide information.

Question 14

Praxis Core Writing

Accepted Answer

A section of the Praxis Core test that assesses the test taker's ability to effectively communicate in writing.

Question 15

Thesis Statement

Accepted Answer

The sentence or group of sentences that summarizes the main point or claim of an essay or research paper.

Question 16

Introduction and Conclusion Paragraphs

Accepted Answer

The introduction introduces the topic and the conclusion summarizes the main points and restates the thesis in a new way.

Question 17

APA, MLA, and Chicago Citation Styles

Accepted Answer

Different formats for citing sources in academic writing.

Question 18

Rhetorical Strategies

Accepted Answer

Techniques used in arguments to persuade including ethos, pathos, and logos.

Question 19

Coherence and Unity in Writing

Accepted Answer

Coherence refers to the logical and consistent connection of ideas in a text, and unity refers to the consistency of a single idea within a text.

Question 20

Revision and Editing

Accepted Answer

Revision involves reviewing and improving the content and structure of a text, while editing focuses on fixing grammatical and punctuation errors.

Question 21

Praxis Core Mathematics

Accepted Answer

A section of the Praxis Core test that assesses the test taker's understanding of mathematical concepts and procedures.

Question 22

Real Numbers and Integers

Accepted Answer

Real numbers include all rational and irrational numbers, while integers are whole numbers, both positive and negative, including zero.

Question 23

Fractions, Decimals, and Percentages

Accepted Answer

Fractions represent part of a whole, decimals represent fractions in base-10, and percentages represent fractions out of 100.

Question 24

Algebraic Expressions and Equations

Accepted Answer

Expressions are combinations of variables and constants, while equations include an equals sign and relate expressions.

Question 25

Function

Accepted Answer

A mathematical rule that assigns exactly one output to each input.

Question 26

Quadratic Equation

Accepted Answer

An equation that can be written in the form ax^2 + bx + c = 0, where a, b, and c are constants.

Question 27

Geometry: Area, Perimeter, Volume

Accepted Answer

Area is the space within a shape, perimeter is the distance around a shape, and volume is the amount of space within a three-dimensional figure.

Question 28

Pythagorean Theorem

Accepted Answer

The theorem stating the square of the hypotenuse of a right triangle is equal to the sum of the squares of the other two sides.

Question 29

Trigonometry: Sine, Cosine, Tangent

Accepted Answer

These are ratios of the lengths of sides in a right triangle, used in angle measurement.

Question 30

Probability

Accepted Answer

The measure of the likelihood that an event will occur in a random experiment.

Question 31

Statistical Measures: Mean, Median, Mode

Accepted Answer

Mean is the average of a set of data, median is the middle value when data is arranged in order, and mode is the most frequently occurring value.

Question 32

Cartesian Coordinate System

Accepted Answer

A two-dimensional number system in which the location of a point is determined by its distance from two perpendicular lines called axes.

Question 33

Transformation: Translation, Reflection, Rotation

Accepted Answer

Translation moves a shape without changing it, reflection flips a shape over a line, and rotation turns a shape around a point.

Question 34

Patterns and Sequences: Arithmetic, Geometric

Accepted Answer

In an arithmetic sequence, each term differs from the previous by a constant difference; in a geometric sequence, each term is a constant multiple of the previous term.

Question 35

Ratio and Proportion

Accepted Answer

A ratio expresses a relationship between two quantities; a proportion is an equation stating two ratios are equal.

Question 36

Linear Equation

Accepted Answer

An equation in the form y = mx + b, where m is the slope and b is the y-intercept.

Question 37

Distance Formula

Accepted Answer

A formula that gives the distance between two points in the Cartesian coordinate system.

Question 38

Prime Numbers and Composite Numbers

Accepted Answer

Prime numbers have exactly two factors, 1 and the number itself; composite numbers have more than two factors.

Question 39

Polynomial

Accepted Answer

An algebraic expression consisting of variables and coefficients combined using addition, subtraction, and multiplication.

Question 40

Exponential Function

Accepted Answer

A function in which the variable is an exponent.

Question 41

Praxis Core Pedagogy

Accepted Answer

Understanding and application of effective teaching strategies and methodologies.

Question 42

Differentiated Instruction

Accepted Answer

Tailoring instruction to meet individual needs.

Question 43

Multiple Intelligences Theory

Accepted Answer

Howard Gardner's theory that proposes different individuals have different types of intelligences.

Question 44

Behaviorist Learning Theory

Accepted Answer

A learning theory that emphasizes the role of conditioning in shaping behavior.

Question 45

Constructivist Learning Theory

Accepted Answer

A learning theory that emphasizes the role of the learner in constructing knowledge.

Question 46

Formative and Summative Assessment

Accepted Answer

Formative assessment is ongoing and informs instruction; summative assessment evaluates learning at the end of an instructional unit.

Question 47

IEP (Individualized Education Program)

Accepted Answer

A legal document for each public school child who receives special education services.

Question 48

ELL (English Language Learner)

Accepted Answer

Students who are learning English in addition to their native language.

Question 49

Inclusion

Accepted Answer

Educating students with special needs in the regular classroom.

Question 50

RTI (Response to Intervention)

Accepted Answer

A multi-tiered approach to the early identification and support of students with learning and behavior needs.

Question 51

Cooperative Learning

Accepted Answer

A teaching strategy in which small groups of students work together on a common task.

Question 52

Learning Styles

Accepted Answer

Different ways in which people learn, often categorized as visual, auditory, and kinesthetic.

Question 53

Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs

Accepted Answer

A theory in psychology proposed by Abraham Maslow, which describes a five-tier model of human needs.

Question 54

Scaffolding

Accepted Answer

Providing support to enhance learning and aid in the mastery of tasks.

Question 55

Classroom Management

Accepted Answer

Techniques used by teachers to keep students organized, orderly, focused, attentive, on task, and productive.

Question 56

Bloom's Taxonomy in Lesson Planning

Accepted Answer

Utilizing the levels of Bloom's Taxonomy (knowledge, comprehension, application, analysis, synthesis, evaluation) to develop lesson objectives.

Question 57

Direct Instruction

Accepted Answer

A teaching model that involves a teacher giving a clear, structured lesson to the students, who are passive recipients of the information.

Question 58

Inquiry-Based Learning

Accepted Answer

A form of active learning that starts by posing questions, problems or scenarios rather than simply presenting established facts.

Question 59

Social Emotional Learning (SEL)

Accepted Answer

The process through which children and adults understand and manage emotions, set and achieve positive goals, feel and show empathy for others, establish and maintain positive relationships, and make responsible decisions.

Question 60

Universal Design for Learning (UDL)

Accepted Answer

An educational framework that guides the design of learning goals, materials, methods, and assessments with the diversity of learners in mind.

Question 61

Diverse Learners

Accepted Answer

Students with different learning styles, backgrounds, abilities, disabilities, and other characteristics that may affect their learning.

Question 62

Learning Objective

Accepted Answer

A clear statement of what students are expected to know, understand, and be able to do by the end of a lesson or course.

Question 63

Culturally Responsive Teaching

Accepted Answer

An educational approach that acknowledges and incorporates the importance of culture in all aspects of learning.

Question 64

Backward Design

Accepted Answer

A method of designing an educational curriculum by setting goals before choosing instructional methods and assessment.

North Dakota Praxis Core Academic Skills