Question 1

Categorical Imperative

Accepted Answer

Moral principle that actions are only ethical if they can be universally applied.

Question 2

Cultural Relativism

Accepted Answer

The belief that moral judgments are relative to a particular culture or society.

Question 3

Constructivism

Accepted Answer

A learning theory that emphasizes the active construction of knowledge by the learner.

Question 4

Zone of Proximal Development

Accepted Answer

The range of tasks that a learner can perform with guidance from a more knowledgeable individual.

Question 5

Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs

Accepted Answer

A theory of motivation that arranges human needs into a hierarchical structure.

Question 6

Scaffolding

Accepted Answer

Providing temporary support to learners to help them accomplish a task or solve a problem.

Question 7

Multiple Intelligences

Accepted Answer

The theory that intelligence is not a single entity, but rather a set of multiple abilities.

Question 8

Phonemic Awareness

Accepted Answer

The ability to identify and manipulate individual sounds in spoken words.

Question 9

Bloom's Taxonomy

Accepted Answer

A classification system of educational objectives, ranging from lower-order thinking skills to higher-order thinking skills.

Question 10

Differentiated Instruction

Accepted Answer

Adapting teaching methods and materials to accommodate diverse student needs and learning styles.

Question 11

Dyslexia

Accepted Answer

A learning disorder characterized by difficulties with reading, spelling, and language processing.

Question 12

Inclusion

Accepted Answer

The practice of educating students with disabilities in mainstream classrooms alongside their non-disabled peers.

Question 13

Cultural Competence

Accepted Answer

The ability to interact effectively with people from different cultures and backgrounds.

Question 14

Metacognition

Accepted Answer

Thinking about one's own thinking and understanding of a subject.

Question 15

Pragmatism

Accepted Answer

A philosophy that emphasizes practicality and the application of knowledge to real-life situations.

Question 16

Behaviorism

Accepted Answer

A learning theory that focuses on observable behavior and reinforcement.

Question 17

Standard Deviation

Accepted Answer

A measure of the spread or dispersion of a set of data values.

Question 18

Developmentally Appropriate Practice

Accepted Answer

Teaching methods and strategies that are suitable for a child's age and developmental stage.

Question 19

Intrinsic Motivation

Accepted Answer

Engaging in an activity for the inherent satisfaction or enjoyment it brings, rather than for external rewards.

Question 20

Summative Assessment

Accepted Answer

An evaluation conducted at the end of a learning period to measure achievement or proficiency.

Question 21

Chomsky's Universal Grammar

Accepted Answer

A theory proposing that the ability to acquire language is innate and universal among humans.

Question 22

Growth Mindset

Accepted Answer

Believing that intelligence and abilities can be developed through effort and persistence.

Question 23

Social Learning Theory

Accepted Answer

A theory that emphasizes the role of observation and modeling in the learning process.

Question 24

No Child Left Behind Act

Accepted Answer

A U.S. federal law that aimed to improve educational outcomes and accountability.

Question 25

Prejudice

Accepted Answer

Preconceived opinions or attitudes towards a particular group, often based on stereotypes.

Question 26

Piaget's Stages of Cognitive Development

Accepted Answer

A theory that describes the development of children's thinking abilities from infancy to adolescence.

Question 27

IEP (Individualized Education Program)

Accepted Answer

A legally binding document that outlines the special education services and accommodations for a student with disabilities.

Question 28

ELL (English Language Learner)

Accepted Answer

A student whose primary language is not English and requires additional support in learning English.

Question 29

Direct Instruction

Accepted Answer

A teacher-centered instructional approach that involves explicit teaching and structured lesson plans.

Question 30

Inquiry-Based Learning

Accepted Answer

A teaching method that promotes active investigation and exploration of topics through questioning and discovery.

Question 31

Authentic Assessment

Accepted Answer

Evaluating students' knowledge and skills through real-world tasks and activities.

Question 32

Co-Teaching

Accepted Answer

Collaboration between a general education teacher and a special education teacher in a shared classroom.

Question 33

Pedagogy

Accepted Answer

The art and science of teaching, including instructional strategies, methods, and approaches.

Question 34

Socratic Method

Accepted Answer

A teaching technique that involves a series of questions to stimulate critical thinking and encourage student participation.

Question 35

Zone of Regulation

Accepted Answer

A framework used to help individuals identify and regulate their emotions and behaviors.

Question 36

Dyscalculia

Accepted Answer

A learning disorder characterized by difficulties with mathematical calculations and concepts.

Question 37

Universal Design for Learning (UDL)

Accepted Answer

An approach to instruction that provides multiple means of representation, expression, and engagement to accommodate diverse learners.

Question 38

Exceptionality

Accepted Answer

Refers to individuals with exceptional learning needs, such as giftedness or disabilities.

Question 39

Reciprocal Teaching

Accepted Answer

A strategy in which students take turns leading small-group discussions to improve reading comprehension skills.

Question 40

Divergent Thinking

Accepted Answer

A type of thinking that involves generating multiple creative solutions or ideas.

Question 41

Tracking

Accepted Answer

The practice of dividing students into different classes or educational tracks based on perceived ability or achievement.

Question 42

Socioeconomic Status (SES)

Accepted Answer

A measure of an individual's or family's social and economic position within society.

Question 43

Whole Language Approach

Accepted Answer

An instructional method that emphasizes the meaning and context of language through reading and writing experiences.

Question 44

Visual-Spatial Intelligence

Accepted Answer

A type of intelligence that involves the ability to perceive and manipulate visual and spatial information.

Question 45

Operant Conditioning

Accepted Answer

A learning theory that focuses on the relationship between behavior and its consequences, using reinforcement and punishment.

Question 46

Individualized Instruction

Accepted Answer

Tailoring instruction to meet the specific learning needs and goals of each student.

Question 47

Self-Determination Theory

Accepted Answer

A theory that emphasizes intrinsic motivation, autonomy, and competence in promoting optimal learning and well-being.

Question 48

Gifted Education

Accepted Answer

Specialized programs and services designed to meet the unique learning needs of intellectually gifted students.

Question 49

Psychomotor Domain

Accepted Answer

A classification of learning outcomes that focuses on physical skills and coordination.

Question 50

Cultural Capital

Accepted Answer

The cultural knowledge, skills, and resources that individuals possess and can draw upon for social and educational advancement.

Question 51

Differentiated Assessment

Accepted Answer

Assessments that are modified or adapted to accommodate the diverse needs and abilities of students.

Question 52

Learning Styles

Accepted Answer

The preferred ways in which individuals acquire and process information (e.g., visual, auditory, kinesthetic).

Question 53

Praxis Core Academic Skills for Educators

Accepted Answer

A standardized test required for teacher certification in Kentucky, assessing academic skills in reading, writing, and mathematics.

Question 54

Positive Behavior Intervention and Support (PBIS)

Accepted Answer

A proactive approach to behavior management that promotes positive behaviors through a tiered system of supports.

Question 55

Ethical Decision-Making

Accepted Answer

The process of making choices based on ethical principles and values.

Question 56

Curriculum Alignment

Accepted Answer

Ensuring that instructional goals, assessments, and teaching methods are aligned with the intended curriculum.

Question 57

Homogeneous Grouping

Accepted Answer

Placing students with similar abilities or characteristics together for instruction or activities.

Question 58

Phonics Instruction

Accepted Answer

Teaching reading and spelling by emphasizing the relationships between sounds and letters.

Question 59

Formative Assessment

Accepted Answer

Ongoing assessments conducted during the learning process to provide feedback and guide instructional decisions.

Question 60

Differentiation by Content

Accepted Answer

Adapting instructional materials and content to meet the diverse learning needs of students.

Question 61

Dysgraphia

Accepted Answer

A learning disorder characterized by difficulties with writing, including handwriting and spelling.

Question 62

Cultural Pluralism

Accepted Answer

Recognizing and respecting the diversity of cultures within a society or educational setting.

Question 63

Response to Intervention (RTI)

Accepted Answer

A multi-tiered framework for identifying and supporting students with learning or behavioral difficulties.

Question 64

Authentic Learning

Accepted Answer

Engaging in real-world tasks or projects that have practical relevance and meaning for the learner.

Kentucky Praxis Core Academic Skills