Question 1

Culture as an Iceberg

Accepted Answer

Most cultural differences are invisible to others and even out of conscious awareness. The out-of-awareness differences are often the causes of misunderstandings and conflicts.

Question 2

The discipline concerned with teaching and learning processes; it applies to the methods and theories of psychology and has its own as well.

Accepted Answer

Educational Psychology:

Question 3

Shows interconnected roots and branches linking individual, family, community, nation, and other nations   portraying learning as a living, interconnected system supported by family, community, and spiritual guidance.

Accepted Answer

First Nations Holistic Lifelong Learning Model:

Question 4

balance between Indigenous and Western knowledge, and cultural growth through the “tree of knowledge.” Knowledge is something rooted in identity and culture, growing outward like a living tree nourished by community and spirituality.

Accepted Answer

Metis Holistic Lifelong Learning Model:

Question 5

Key uniqueness: Emphasizing harmony with the land, culture, and the concept of Sila (spirit of the environment). Circular Design represents the interconnected nature of learning throughout life.

Accepted Answer

Inuit Holistic Lifelong Learning Model:

Question 6

One-degree removed from the microsystem, teacher parent relationships, teacher-peer relationships and parent-parent.

Accepted Answer

Mesosystem:

Question 7

Guardians workplace, School board, local govt. Children realize and recognize the stress of guardian's workplaces without even being there. School board make decisions that impact the child indirectly (less funding in a certain area can affect the child)

Accepted Answer

Exosystem:

Question 8

Cultural values, ideologies, and expectations.

Accepted Answer

Macrosystem:

Question 9

An understanding that other people are people, too, with their own minds, thoughts, feelings, beliefs, desires, and perceptions.

Accepted Answer

Theory of Mind:

Question 10

General idea of your worth. Like how you would describe yourself (I’m a good guy, I don’t deserve this...)

Accepted Answer

Self Esteem:

Question 11

How we think and reason between right and wrong in different situations.

Accepted Answer

Moral Development:

Question 12

A belief and how you feel about a group/category. (Ex: Assume athletes are always training).

Accepted Answer

Stereotypes:

Question 13

An unfair or irrational assumption about a group/category of people.

Accepted Answer

Prejudice:

Question 14

A prejudicial preference or action. (A positive or negative prejudice you have for one category of people over another).

Accepted Answer

Bias:

Question 15

The emotional burdens that can result from your performance in an academic situation that may confirm a stereotype others see about you.

Accepted Answer

Stereotype Threat:

Question 16

Treating or acting unfairly towards a particular category/group of people.

Accepted Answer

Discrimination:

Question 17

The beliefs, feelings, significance, and meaning people have about their ethnicity or race. (How do we identify with our race, how do we feel.)

Accepted Answer

Ethnic Racial Identity:

Question 18

Systemic advantages that distribute power, benefits, or advantages unequally among groups in society.

Accepted Answer

Privilege:

Question 19

An individual’s self-identification as a gendered person. (What they feel they identify best as). (Persons personal sense about being a man, woman or neither).

Accepted Answer

Gender Identity:

Question 20

Behaviors and characteristics the culture stereotypically associates with being a man or woman. (Expectations on how people should behave woman should be feminine men should be masculine is an example of this)

Accepted Answer

Gender Roles:

Question 21

A multidimensional construct that can refer to people’s sexual identity, sexual attraction, and/or sexual behavior.

Accepted Answer

Sexual Orientation:

Question 22

People who voluntarily leave their country to become permanent residents in a new place.

Accepted Answer

Immigrants:

Question 23

People who are compelled to leave their home country because it is not safe.

Accepted Answer

Refugees:

Question 24

Immigrants and refugees who have been in Canada less than five years.

Accepted Answer

Newcomers:

Question 25

People in society don’t have the same access to resources or rights due to differences in our society.

Accepted Answer

Social Inequality:

Question 26

Children who arrived in Canada with their families before adolescence.

Accepted Answer

Generation 1.5:

Question 27

School achievement problems of students from minority groups by assuming their culture is inadequate and does not prepare them to succeed in school.

Accepted Answer

Cultural deficit model:

Question 28

"Sex typically refers to biological differences assigned at birth". Sex assignment also considers hormones and chromosomes (medical terminology often uses, male, female or intersex to categorize sex assignment).

Accepted Answer

Sex Assigned at Birth:

Question 29

Gender identity can move or “flow” rather than stay the same (can change overtime in different situations).

Accepted Answer

Gender Fluid:

Question 30

The multiple ways (e.g., behaviors, dress) in which a person may choose to communicate gender to oneself and to others.

Accepted Answer

Gender Expression:

Question 31

Knowledge that families and community members have acquired in many areas of work, home, and religious life.

Accepted Answer

Funds of Knowledge:

Question 32

Teachers make lessons meaningful by using students’ background, languages, and traditions. Connecting learning to their own culture.

Accepted Answer

Culturally relevant pedagogy:

Question 33

Teachers encourage students to use, sghare and grow their cultural practices and languages in the classroom. Help keep students’ culture alive while they learn.

Accepted Answer

Culturally Sustaining Pedagogy:

Question 34

Fitting new information into something we already know - using existing schemes.

Accepted Answer

Assimilation:

Question 35

Changing an existing scheme or creating new ones in response to new information. We adjust our thinking to fit the new information, instead of adjusting the information to fit our thinking.

Accepted Answer

Accommodation:

Question 36

Search for mental balance between cognitive schemes and information from the environment. Balance of organizing, assimilation, and accommodation of the information you encounter in your life.

Accepted Answer

Equilibration:

Question 37

We are UNSATISFIED with how information fits into our schemes, and we are motivated to keep searching for a solution.

Accepted Answer

Disequilibrium:

Question 38

The words a person can speak. What we can express and communicate.

Accepted Answer

Expressive Vocabulary:

Question 39

The words a person can understand in spoken or written language.

Accepted Answer

Receptive Vocabulary:

Question 40

Knowledge constructed through a social process in which people interact and negotiate (usually verbally) to solve a problem.

Accepted Answer

Co-constructed Knowledge:

Question 41

Phase at which a child can master a task if given appropriate help and support.

Accepted Answer

Zone of proximal development (ZPD):

Question 42

Not a curriculum, more like set of guidelines to help teachers make decisions to honor Indigenous ways.

Accepted Answer

First people's principles of learning:

Question 43

Essential mental frameworks that help us process information, shape our memories, and guide our behavior.

Accepted Answer

Cognitive Schemas:

Question 44

Beliefs and ideas that individuals hold about their own culture and the cultures of others.

Accepted Answer

Cultural Assumptions:

Question 45

Colonialism spread strict Eu ideas on gender and creating the 2 gender system + unequal roles. Erased traditional understandings of gender that existed before.

Accepted Answer

Colonial influences on gender roles, gender identity:

Question 46

Teaching in a way that includes respect, values and celebrates all students’ cultures.

Accepted Answer

Culturally Responsive Education:

Question 47

Our overlapping, intersecting social identities (gender, sexual orientation, class, ethnicity, religion, socioeconomic status, age, and so on).

Accepted Answer

Intersectionality:

EDUC 220 MIDTERM VOCAB