Question 1

Archaeology

Accepted Answer

The study of human history and prehistory through the excavation of artifacts and structures.

Question 2

Ecosystem

Accepted Answer

A community of living organisms and their interactions with the environment.

Question 3

Cell membrane

Accepted Answer

A thin, flexible barrier that surrounds and protects the contents of a cell.

Question 4

Gene

Accepted Answer

A segment of DNA that contains instructions for the production of a specific protein.

Question 5

Magnetic field

Accepted Answer

A region around a magnet where magnetic forces are exerted on other objects.

Question 6

Plate tectonics

Accepted Answer

The theory that Earth's outer shell is divided into several plates that move and interact with each other.

Question 7

Solar system

Accepted Answer

The collection of planets and other celestial bodies that orbit the sun.

Question 8

Renewable energy

Accepted Answer

Energy derived from sources that are naturally replenished, such as sunlight, wind, and water.

Question 9

Atomic structure

Accepted Answer

The organization and arrangement of protons, neutrons, and electrons within an atom.

Question 10

Civil rights

Accepted Answer

The rights and freedoms that every individual is entitled to, regardless of their race, gender, or religion.

Question 11

Market economy

Accepted Answer

An economic system in which prices, production, and distribution of goods and services are determined by supply and demand.

Question 12

Globalization

Accepted Answer

The process of increasing interdependence and interconnectedness among countries through the exchange of goods, services, information, and ideas.

Question 13

Organic chemistry

Accepted Answer

The branch of chemistry that deals with the study of compounds containing carbon.

Question 14

Mitosis

Accepted Answer

The process of cell division that results in the formation of two identical daughter cells.

Question 15

Literary analysis

Accepted Answer

The examination and interpretation of literary texts to uncover their meaning, themes, and techniques.

Question 16

Renaissance

Accepted Answer

A period of European history characterized by a revival of art, literature, and learning in the 14th to 17th centuries.

Question 17

Human rights

Accepted Answer

Universal rights and freedoms that all individuals are entitled to, regardless of their nationality, race, or religion.

Question 18

Photosynthesis

Accepted Answer

The process by which green plants and some other organisms convert sunlight, carbon dioxide, and water into glucose and oxygen.

Question 19

Statistical analysis

Accepted Answer

The collection, organization, analysis, interpretation, and presentation of numerical data.

Question 20

Supply and demand

Accepted Answer

The economic principle that states the relationship between the availability of a product and the desire of individuals to buy it.

Question 21

Checks and balances

Accepted Answer

The system in which the powers of different branches of government are limited and balanced to prevent any one branch from becoming too powerful.

Question 22

Cold War

Accepted Answer

The period of geopolitical tension and rivalry between the United States and the Soviet Union from the late 1940s to the early 1990s.

Question 23

Impressionism

Accepted Answer

An artistic movement that originated in the 19th century, characterized by capturing the fleeting effects of light and color.

Question 24

Natural selection

Accepted Answer

The process by which individuals with favorable traits for their environment are more likely to survive and reproduce.

Question 25

Calculus

Accepted Answer

A branch of mathematics that deals with rates of change and the accumulation of quantities.

Question 26

Photosphere

Accepted Answer

The outermost layer of the sun that emits light and heat.

Question 27

Cultural diffusion

Accepted Answer

The spread and exchange of cultural beliefs, practices, and ideas between different societies and cultures.

Question 28

Federalism

Accepted Answer

A system of government in which power is divided between a central authority and regional or state governments.

Question 29

Electrochemistry

Accepted Answer

The branch of chemistry that deals with the study of chemical reactions involving electricity.

Question 30

Revolutionary War

Accepted Answer

The war fought by the American colonies against Great Britain from 1775 to 1783, resulting in the establishment of the United States.

Question 31

Ionic bond

Accepted Answer

A chemical bond formed between two ions of opposite charges through the transfer of electrons.

Question 32

Renaissance art

Accepted Answer

Artistic works created during the Renaissance period, characterized by a focus on humanism, realism, and perspective.

Question 33

Acid rain

Accepted Answer

Rainfall that is acidic due to the presence of pollutants such as sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxide in the atmosphere.

Question 34

GDP (Gross Domestic Product)

Accepted Answer

The total value of all goods and services produced within a country's borders in a specific time period.

Question 35

Cell division

Accepted Answer

The process by which a parent cell divides into two or more daughter cells.

Question 36

Environmental sustainability

Accepted Answer

The practice of using resources in a way that meets the needs of the present generation without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs.

Question 37

Respiration

Accepted Answer

The process by which living organisms obtain energy from food molecules and release waste products such as carbon dioxide and water.

Question 38

Enlightenment

Accepted Answer

An intellectual and cultural movement that emphasized reason, science, and individual freedom in the 18th century.

Question 39

Monopoly

Accepted Answer

A market structure in which a single company or individual has exclusive control over the production or distribution of a particular product or service.

Question 40

Hydroelectric power

Accepted Answer

Electricity generated by harnessing the energy of moving water.

Question 41

Organic farming

Accepted Answer

A method of agriculture that relies on sustainable practices and prohibits the use of synthetic fertilizers, pesticides, and genetically modified organisms (GMOs).

Question 42

Judicial review

Accepted Answer

The power of the courts to determine the constitutionality of laws and government actions.

Question 43

Inflation

Accepted Answer

A sustained increase in the general price level of goods and services in an economy over time.

Question 44

Electrostatics

Accepted Answer

The study of electric charges at rest and the forces and fields associated with them.

Question 45

Cognitive development

Accepted Answer

The process by which a person's thinking, understanding, and problem-solving abilities evolve and mature over time.

Question 46

Quadratic equation

Accepted Answer

A polynomial equation of the form ax^2 + bx + c = 0, where a, b, and c are constants and x represents an unknown variable.

Question 47

World War II

Accepted Answer

A global conflict that took place from 1939 to 1945, involving many nations and resulting in significant social, political, and economic changes.

Question 48

Conservation of energy

Accepted Answer

The fundamental principle that states energy cannot be created or destroyed, only transferred or transformed from one form to another.

Question 49

Renaissance literature

Accepted Answer

Literary works produced during the Renaissance period, characterized by a revival of classical themes, humanism, and individualism.

Question 50

Geothermal energy

Accepted Answer

Renewable energy derived from the heat of the Earth's interior, often used for heating and generating electricity.

Question 51

Habeas corpus

Accepted Answer

A legal principle that protects against unlawful detention, ensuring that individuals have the right to challenge their imprisonment in court.

Question 52

Acid-base titration

Accepted Answer

A laboratory technique used to determine the concentration of an acid or base by reacting it with a solution of known concentration.

Question 53

Genetics

Accepted Answer

The branch of biology that studies heredity, genes, and the variation of inherited traits in living organisms.

Comprehensive Flashcard Set for Arizona IB (International Baccalaureate) Grades 9-12