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Dive into advanced concepts of engine performance with this set of 45 flashcards, specifically designed for the ASE Automobile & Light Truck Certification Test A8. Covering complex terms from air-fuel ratios to variable displacement, these cards are ideal for both students and seasoned mechanics looking to refresh their knowledge.
Flashcards in set (44)
TermAir Fuel Ratio Sensor
DefinitionA device that provides a more precise reading of the air-fuel mixture in an engine's exhaust than a traditional oxygen sensor.
TermKnock Sensor
DefinitionA sensor that detects engine knock or pinging, which can indicate a misfire or poor fuel/air mixture.
TermVariable Valve Timing (VVT)
DefinitionA system that allows the valve timing to be adjusted on the fly, improving engine performance.
TermFuel Trim
DefinitionA term used to describe how much the fuel delivery system is adjusted to maintain the correct air/fuel mixture.
TermOBD-II
DefinitionOn-Board Diagnostics II, a system in modern vehicles that monitors and reports on various vehicle performance parameters.
TermMass Airflow Sensor (MAF)
DefinitionA device used to measure the mass flow rate of air entering the engine.
TermThrottle Position Sensor (TPS)
DefinitionA sensor that measures the position of the throttle in an internal combustion engine.
TermCrankshaft Position Sensor
DefinitionA sensor that monitors the speed and position of the crankshaft, which can influence fuel injection and ignition timing.
TermClosed Loop Operation
DefinitionA state where the vehicle's computer system uses the O2 sensor to check its own work and adjust fuel mixture accordingly.
TermEvaporative Emission Control System (EVAP)
DefinitionA system designed to prevent gasoline vapors from escaping into the atmosphere from a vehicle's fuel system.
TermLong-Term Fuel Trim (LTFT)
DefinitionA fuel trim used for continuous minor adjustments to the fuel delivery system based on feedback from the oxygen sensors.
TermShort-Term Fuel Trim (STFT)
DefinitionA fuel trim used for immediate changes in the air/fuel mixture based on sensor readings.
TermEGR Valve
DefinitionExhaust Gas Recirculation Valve, a device that reintroduces exhaust gases into the engine to lower combustion temperatures and reduce NOx emissions.
TermPositive Crankcase Ventilation (PCV) Valve
DefinitionA device that helps remove harmful vapors from the engine.
TermCamshaft Position Sensor
DefinitionA sensor that monitors the rotational position of the camshaft, which influences fuel injection and valve timing.
TermIntake Air Temperature Sensor
DefinitionA sensor that measures the temperature of the air entering the engine.
TermCoolant Temperature Sensor
DefinitionA sensor that measures the temperature of the engine coolant.
TermEngine Control Module (ECM)
DefinitionThe 'brain' of the engine control system, controlling many aspects of engine performance.
TermIgnition Control Module (ICM)
DefinitionThe component that controls the ignition system, including the spark and timing.
TermFuel Pressure Regulator
DefinitionA device that maintains the correct fuel pressure in the fuel system.
TermFuel Injector
DefinitionA device that sprays fuel into the engine in a precise pattern for optimal combustion.
TermThrottle Body
DefinitionThe part of the air intake system that controls the amount of air flowing into the engine.
TermCatalytic Converter
DefinitionA device that reduces harmful emissions from the engine's exhaust gases.
TermOxygen Sensor
DefinitionA sensor that monitors the level of oxygen in the engine's exhaust gases.
TermWideband Oxygen Sensor
DefinitionAn oxygen sensor that provides a broader and more accurate reading of oxygen levels in the exhaust.
TermFuel Pump
DefinitionA device that moves fuel from the tank to the engine.
TermIgnition Coil
DefinitionA device that transforms the battery's low voltage to the thousands of volts needed to create an electric spark in the spark plugs.
TermSpark Plug
DefinitionA device that ignites the air/fuel mixture in the engine cylinders.
TermDistributor
DefinitionA device that directs high-voltage from the ignition coil to the spark plugs in the correct firing order.
TermDirect Fuel Injection
DefinitionA type of fuel injection where fuel is injected directly into the combustion chamber.
TermSequential Fuel Injection
DefinitionA type of fuel injection where fuel is injected into each cylinder in sequence, closely matching the firing order.
TermEngine Misfire
DefinitionA condition where an engine does not fire on all cylinders, leading to a loss of power and potential damage.
TermVariable Intake System
DefinitionA system that alters the intake path length for better engine performance.
TermTurbocharger
DefinitionA device that uses exhaust gases to spin a turbine and compress incoming air, increasing horsepower.
TermSupercharger
DefinitionA device that compresses the air entering the engine to increase horsepower; driven by the engine rather than exhaust gases.
TermIdle Air Control Valve
DefinitionA component that allows bypass air to control idle speed when the throttle is closed.
TermManifold Absolute Pressure Sensor (MAP)
DefinitionA sensor that provides information about the difference between atmospheric pressure and the pressure in the intake manifold.
TermCanister Purge Valve
DefinitionA part of the EVAP system, it controls the release of fuel vapors from the charcoal canister to the engine.
TermFuel Rail
DefinitionThe main fuel delivery assembly in an engine, which supplies fuel to the injectors.
TermHeated Oxygen Sensor (HO2S)
DefinitionAn oxygen sensor with a built-in heater to bring it up to operating temperature more quickly.
TermIgnition Timing
DefinitionThe timing of when a spark will occur in the combustion process, which is critical for engine performance.
TermEmissions Control Systems
DefinitionSystems designed to reduce the amount of pollutants produced by an engine.
TermEngine Compression Ratio
DefinitionThe ratio of the cylinder's volume at BDC to its volume at TDC; higher ratios can lead to increased power output, but may also increase engine knock.
TermVariable Displacement
DefinitionAn engine technology that deactivates certain cylinders under light load conditions to improve fuel economy.